Color Models:
- RGB (Red, Green, Blue): This model is primarily used in digital media. It represents colors by mixing different intensities of red, green, and blue light. Each color channel has values ranging from 0 to 255, with 0 indicating no intensity and 255 indicating full intensity.
- CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black): CMYK is used in print media for color representation. It works on subtractive color mixing principles, where cyan, magenta, and yellow pigments are combined, and black (K) is added for depth and contrast.
- HSB/HSV (Hue, Saturation, Brightness/Value): This model defines colors based on their hue (the shade), saturation (the intensity or purity), and brightness/value (the lightness or darkness).
Color Spaces:
- sRGB: It's the standard RGB color space used for digital media. Defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), it ensures consistent color representation across devices.
- Adobe RGB: Widely used in professional photography and printing, Adobe RGB offers a wider color gamut compared to sRGB.
- CMYK Color Space: Used in print media, CMYK color space represents the range of printable colors achievable with cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks.
Color Manipulation:
- Color Correction: Adjusting colors to ensure consistency and accuracy across different devices and mediums.
- Color Grading: Enhancing or altering colors in an image or video for artistic or stylistic purposes.
- Color Management: Ensuring consistent color reproduction across various devices like monitors, printers, and cameras through calibration and profiling.
- Color Gamut: The range of colors reproducible in a given medium or by a particular device. Techniques like gamut mapping are used to translate colors from one color space to another while preserving appearance.
File Formats:
- Raster Formats (e.g., JPEG, PNG): Store images as grids of pixels with individual color values.
- Vector Formats (e.g., SVG, EPS): Define images using mathematical equations, enabling scalability without loss of quality. Commonly used for logos, illustrations, and graphics in print media.
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