1.
Some viruses, for example, poliovirus, contain a protease that cleaves one of the eukaryotic initiation factors allowing for cap-independent translational initiation of viral RNAs at internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Which of the following factors is the target of these viral proteases?
2.
A 37-year-old man presents with tophaceous deposits within the articular cartilage, synovium, tendons, tendon sheaths, pinnae, and the soft tissue on the extensor surface of the forearms. These clinical observations suggest the patient is suffering from which of the following disorders?
3.
The initial reaction of the de novo synthesis pathway for pyrimidine nucleotides begins with glutamine and C and is complete with the formation of uridine monophosphate. Which of the following represents the ratelimiting enzyme in this pathway?
4.
One important function of nitric oxide (NO) is the induction of vascular smooth muscle relaxation in response to acetylcholine. The production of NO requires which amino acid?
5.
In renal insufficiency, calcium absorption is reduced and leads to increased bone resorption, a condition referred to as renal osteodystrophy. Treatment with which of the following can assist in the amelioration of the symptoms of this condition?
6.
A 32-year-old woman is diagnosed with hypertension, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and alkalosis. Measurements of plasma glucocorticoid levels show them to be within the normal range; however, renin and angiotensin II levels are suppressed. Ultrasound indicates the possible existence of an adrenal cortical mass. These symptoms are likely due to excess production of which of the following hormones?
7.
The anticancer drug, Taxol, has been an effective chemotherapeutic agent in the fight against ovarian cancer. Which of the following represents the mechanism of action of Taxol?
8.
A 17-year-old man who reports to his physician that he is incapable of obtaining an erection is also quite embarrassed by the apparent enlargement of his breasts (gynecomastia). These symptoms, when present in males, are associated with an excessive production of which of the following hormones?
9.
Numerous inherited disorders are the result of the expansion of trinucleotide (triplet) repeats either within the coding regions of genes or the untranslated regions of the resultant RNAs. Which of the following diseases has been shown to be caused by triplet expansion?
10.
Correct targeting of newly synthesized hydrolytic enzymes to the lysosomes requires which of the following modifications?