Amazon AWS Certified Security Specialist

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Amazon AWS Certified Security Specialist

An application has been written that publishes custom metrics to Amazon CloudWatch. Recently, IAM change have been made on the account and the metrics are no longer being reported.
Which of the following is the LEAST permissive solution that will allow the metrics to be delivered?

Add a statement to the IAM policy used by the application to allow logs:putLogEvents and logs:createLogStream ✘ Modify the IAM role used by the application by adding the CloudWatchFullAccess managed policy. ✘ Add a statement to the IAM policy used by the application to allow cloudwatch:putMetricData. ✘ Add a trust relationship to the IAM role used by the application for cloudwatch.amazonaws.com. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

A Security Engineer is trying to determine whether the encryption keys used in an AWS service are in compliance with certain regulatory standards.
Which of the following actions should the Engineer perform to get further guidance?

Read the AWS Customer Agreement. ✘ Use AWS Artifact to access AWS compliance reports. ✘ Post the question on the AWS Discussion Forums. ✘ Run AWS Config and evaluate the configuration outputs. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

A Software Engineer wrote a customized reporting service that will run on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The company security policy states that application logs for the reporting service must becentrally collected.
What is the MOST efficient way to meet these requirements?

Write an AWS Lambda function that logs into the EC2 instance to pull the application logs from the EC2 instance and persists them into an Amazon S3 bucket. ✘ Enable AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account, create a new Amazon S3 bucket, and then configure Amazon CloudWatch Logs to receive the application logs from CloudTrail. ✘ Create a simple cron job on the EC2 instances that synchronizes the application logs to an Amazon S3 bucket by using rsync. ✘ Install the Amazon CloudWatch Logs Agent on the EC2 instances, and configure it to send the application logs to CloudWatch Logs. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

A Security Engineer who was reviewing AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key policies found this statement in each key policy in the company AWS account.

What does the statement allow?

All principals from all AWS accounts to use the key. ✘ Only the root user from account 111122223333 to use the key. ✘ All principals from account 111122223333 to use the key but only on Amazon S3. ✘ Only principals from account 111122223333 that have an IAM policy applied that grants access to this key to use the key. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

What is the function of the following AWS Key Management Service (KMS) key policy attached to a customer master key (CMK)?

The Amazon WorkMail and Amazon SES services have delegated KMS encrypt and delegated KMS encrypt and decrypt permissions to the ExampleUser principal in the 111122223333 account. ✘ The ExampleUser principal can transparently encrypt and decrypt email exchanges specifically between ExampleUser and AWS. ✘ The CMK is to be used for encrypting and decrypting only when the principal is ExampleUser and the request comes from WorkMail or SES in the specified region. ✘ The key policy allows WorkMail or SES to encrypt or decrypt on behalf of the user for any CMK in the account. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

An organization policy states that all encryption keys must be automatically rotated every 12 months.
Which AWS Key Management Service (KMS) key type should be used to meet this requirement?

AWS managed Customer Master Key (CMK) ✘ Customer managed CMK with AWS generated key material ✘ Customer managed CMK with imported key material ✘ AWS managed data key ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

An application has a requirement to be resilient across not only Availability Zones within the application's primary region but also be available within another region altogether.
Which of the following supports this requirement for AWS resources that are encrypted by AWS KMS?

Copy the application ✘ Configure AWS KMS to automatically synchronize the CMK between regions so that it can be used to decrypt the resource in the target region. ✘ Use AWS services that replicate data across regions, and re-wrap the data encryption key created in the source region by using the CMK in the target region so that the target region ✘ Configure the target region ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

During a recent internal investigation, it was discovered that all API logging was disabled in a production account, and the root user had created new API keys that appear to have been used several times.
What could have been done to detect and automatically remediate the incident?

Using Amazon Inspector, review all of the API calls and configure the inspector agent to leverage SNS topics to notify security of the change to AWS CloudTrail, and revoke the new API keys for the root user. ✘ Using AWS Config, create a config rule that detects when AWS CloudTrail is disabled, as well as any calls to the root user create-api-key. Then use a Lambda function to re-enable CloudTrail logs and deactivate the root API keys. ✘ Using Amazon CloudWatch, create a CloudWatch event that detects AWS CloudTrail deactivation and a separate Amazon Trusted Advisor check to automatically detect the creation of root API keys. Then use a Lambda function toenableAWS CloudTrail and deactivate the root API keys. ✘ Using Amazon CloudTrail, create a new CloudTrail event that detects the deactivation of CloudTrail logs, and a separate CloudTrail event that detects the creation of root API keys. Then use a Lambda function to enable CloudTrailanddeactivate the root API keys. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

During a recent security audit, it was discovered that multiple teams in a large organization have placed restricted data in multiple Amazon S3 buckets, and the data may have been exposed. The auditor has requested that the organization identify all possible objects that contain personally identifiable information (PII) and then determine whether this information has been accessed.
What solution will allow the Security team to complete this request?

Using Amazon Athena, query the impacted S3 buckets by using the PII query identifier function. Then, create a new Amazon CloudWatch metric for Amazon S3 object access to alert when the objects are accessed. ✘ Enable Amazon Macie on the S3 buckets that were impacted, then perform data classification. For identified objects that contain PII, use the research function for auditing AWS CloudTrail logs and S3 bucket logs for GET operations. ✘ Enable Amazon GuardDuty and enable the PII rule set on the S3 buckets that were impacted, then perform data classification. Using the PII findings report from GuardDuty, query the S3 bucket logs by using Athena for GET operations. ✘ Enable Amazon Inspector on the S3 buckets that were impacted, then perform data classification. For identified objects that contain PII, query the S3 bucket logs by using Athena for GET operations. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

10.

A Security Administrator is performing a log analysis as a result of a suspected AWS account compromise. The Administrator wants to analyze suspicious AWS CloudTrail log files but is overwhelmed by the volume of audit logs being generated.
What approach enables the Administrator to search through the logs MOST efficiently?

Implement a "write-only" CloudTrail event filter to detect any modifications to the AWS account resources. ✘ Configure Amazon Macie to classify and discover sensitive data in the Amazon S3 bucket that contains the CloudTrail audit logs. ✘ Configure Amazon Athena to read from the CloudTrail S3 bucket and query the logs to examine account activities. ✘ Enable Amazon S3 event notifications to trigger an AWS Lambda function that sends an email alarm when there are new CloudTrail API entries. ✔

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Answer & Solution

Answer: Option B

Solution:

It provides fallback for IE8.

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