4. What does XSS stand for in the context of web security?

Which of the following is a secure method for storing passwords in a database?

A). Hashing

B). Encryption

C). Salting

D). All of the above

Which of the following HTTP methods is considered safe and idempotent, making it suitable for form submissions?

A). POST

B). GET

C). PUT

D). DELETE

What security measure helps prevent form spamming by distinguishing between human users and bots?

A). CAPTCHA

B). HTTPS

C). CSRF Token

D). Two-Factor Authentication

Which of the following is NOT a common security vulnerability associated with file uploads in web applications?

A). File Inclusion

B). File Upload Vulnerability

C). Path Traversal

D). Cross-Site Request Forgery

What is the purpose of input validation in web forms?

A). Ensuring Data Integrity

B). Enhancing User Experience

C). Preventing XSS Attacks

D). Enforcing Password Policies

What is the purpose of using prepared statements when interacting with databases in PHP?

A). Preventing SQL Injection

B). Improving Performance

C). Encrypting Data

D). Enforcing Data Integrity

What is the purpose of session management in web applications?

A). Maintaining User State

B). Encrypting Data

C). Preventing SQL Injection

D). Validating Form Data

Which PHP function is used to generate a random CSRF token for form submissions?

A). bin2hex()

B). uniqid()

C). md5()

D). openssl_random_pseudo_bytes()

Which of the following is NOT a common input validation technique for form data?

A). Regular Expressions

B). Whitelisting

C). Blacklisting

D). Tokenization

Which PHP function is commonly used to check if a form field is empty?

A). empty()

B). isset()

C). is_empty()

D). is_null()